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This study makes use of extensive spatial datasets, not previously available, to provide for the first time a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status of biodiversity in the terrestrial tropics.

For centuries, genetic resources not protected by Intellectual Property Rights were collected and used without any regulation. They were a free good available for everyone. Huge profits were made but never shared with the custodians of biological diversity.

Cave and karst landforms are distributed widely around the world. They have many values and are an integral component of the world's biodiversity. Some are habitats for a wide range of endemic species of flora and fauna, while others house rare and endangered species.

Stocks of sturgeono used for caviar are on the decline worldwide with some species now in danger of extinction. This situation has been caused partly by excessive fishing of sturgeon, but also by the destruction of sturgeon habitats and water pollution.

It is not surprising that the issues involved in what is known as the "trade and environment" debate are manifold and complex. What is involved is an intersection of objectives which address economy, development, enviornment and equity.

These proceedings document the initial results of a joint initiative by IUCN and the World Bank to address, with key stakeholders, one of the most controversial issues in environment and development today.

The Convention on biological diversity was drafted with in mind the conservation of the world's natural resources, their sustainable use and the equal sharing of their benefits.

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area is widely recognised as one of Africa's longest-standing experiments in multiple land-use promoting both natural resource conservation and pastoral development in northern Tanzania.