WCC 2020 Res 009 - Activity Report

The report on the impact of eucalyptus trees on biodiversity has been published for Türkiye. Eucalyptus trees, which originate from Australia, are among the invasive plant species that, when introduced to non-native environments, rapidly spread and exert pressure on local ecosystems. These trees were planted in various wetlands across Türkiye in the past, mainly for mosquito control purposes, but they have since caused negative effects on water cycles and biodiversity. The Gediz Delta, located in Izmir, is a prime example of this issue, where eucalyptus trees, known for their high water consumption, have rapidly depleted freshwater resources, placing pressure on pasture areas and temporary wetlands. This situation has affected not only the plant life but also the organisms living in the delta, soil organisms, and small-scale livestock dependent on the ecosystem.
To protect water resources and restore the ecosystem of the Gediz Delta, it is necessary to remove eucalyptus trees in a controlled manner, restore native vegetation, and monitor groundwater, surface water, soil structure, and biodiversity through scientific methods during the restoration process. Wetlands are critical habitats not only for waterfowl but for numerous other species. To resolve the issues caused by incorrect practices and restore natural processes in sensitive ecosystems like the Gediz Delta, it is essential to take the right steps. This report, prepared with expert contributions, discusses the impact of eucalyptus trees on biodiversity and water resources, and offers recommendations to reduce these effects in the Gediz Delta.