Biofuels

It is generally accepted that human emissions of greenhouse gases upset the thermal balance of earth-atmosphere system and ultimately lead to global climate changes. The extent of the changes will depend on future emissions of greenhouse gases and will vary between the Earth's different regions. But a central estimate for the Nordic region is that, by 2100, the temperature will have increased by about 3 degrees C, average rainfall will be 10% higher and the sea level may have raised 40cm.

This report offers a review of literature from various sources on the impacts of the production and use of liquid biofuels, which are used mainly in the transport sector. In 2009, Campbell and Doswald (2009) published a review similar to this one, focusing on the biodiversity impacts of biofuels, on behalf of UNEP-WCMC. This report reflects on the progress made since that review.