Incorporating marine protected areas into integrated coastal and ocean management : principles and guidelines

The principles and guidelines developed by IUCN and NOAA are addressed to marine protected areas and coastal managers and are intended to promote better understanding and recognition of the linkages between MPAs and the wider coastal and marine area and of the need to establish effective incentives and institutional arrangements to manage marine protected areas in the broader context of integrated coastal and ocean management frameworks. The guidelines also suggest ways to implement, in an enhanced way, existing management tools to improve the incorporation of MPAs into the planning and management of coastal and marine areas.