Environmental assessment of the 1991 Gulf War. 1. Past and present, the Gulf before the war - 2. Resources values, fisheries are one of the local resources for the coastal communities, shrimp fishing has an international importance (economical statistics of the production). Breading areas for many migratory birds. Endemic species in the Gulf, rare underwater habitats in the Red Sea. - 3. Natural processes, description of coastal habitats - 4. Human uses and pressures (oil exploitation) - 5. War pressures. Desert Storm in January 1991, estimation of 6 to 7 millions barils of oil escape to the water - 6 Pre-war and post-war environmental assessment - 7. Management response pre-war and post war - 8. Conclusions