This institutional analysis looks at existing institutional arragements, provides insights into barriers and opportunities of the practical application of the water-energy-food security nexus in Central Asia and considers options for improved multi-sectoral dialogue and cooperation.
In the Northeast Asia sub-region, environmental pollution, transboundary sand and dust storms (SDS), agricultural expansion, deforestation, and overgrazing are growing challenges that are being further complicated by the impacts of climate change. Desertification, land degradation and drought (DLDD) are a significant problem affecting soil, air and water quality, threatening forest and woodlands, pasture and rangelands as well as irrigated and rain-fed croplands that support the livelihoods of more than half of the sub-region’s population.
The Arctic is an increasingly important region faced with major challenges caused not only by the effects of climate change, but also by a growing interest in its living and non-living resources, its attraction as a new destination for tourism, and as a route for navigation. It is not only the eight Arctic States that have paid an increased level of attention to the region; several non-Arctic actors from Asia and Europe also seek to gain more influence in the High North.
This paper will review the performance of existing routes in the Middle East and North Africa to glean lessons for proposed pipelines in Southwest Asia. With sufficient political will -- and a more informed understanding of the binding power of pipelines -- the United States, European countries, and international bodies can begin to utilize pipeline construction as both an engine of cooperation and a tool of diplomacy. What is needed is a longterm policy outlook that integrates energy transit and transport as part of a broader framework for economic and security cooperation.
Die Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (Water Framework Directive), die Fauna-Flora-Habitatrichtlinie (Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive) und die Vogelschutz-richtlinie (Birds Directive) sind wesentliche Säulen einer europäischen Umweltpolitik. In und an Gewässern und in wasserabhängigen Lebensräumen überschneiden sich ihre Handlungsfelder. Die Notwendigkeit einer grenzüberschreitenden Naturschutz- und Wasserpolitik erfordert es, die Richtlinien einer gesamtheitlichen Betrachtung ihrer normativen Vorgaben, ihrer fachlichen Ziele und ihrer Umsetzungsschritte zu unterziehen.
