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E.g. Brooks, Thomas M.
E.g. Brooks, Thomas M.
Conference
Publication Year
   

In the past decade, there has been a profound increase in the world's understanding of and concern about the forest sector of the developing world. A wide range of analyses and policy research has shed light on the determinants of the effective demand for land and wood (the cause of deforestation), the importance of tenure arrangements, and the links between government policies and the forest sector. The use of government policies to influence behavior in the sector is a principal theme of this paper which is organized as follows. First it describes the two most important challenges in the sector -- excessive deforestation and inadequate afforestation and reforestation -- and highlights the extent and the causes of the problems. It then discusses policies and programs directed toward overcoming the underlying causes of these problems. Finally, it discusses the role of the World Bank in supporting governments' efforts to implement these policies and programs.

    Cruz, Maria Concepcion | Meyer, Carrie A. | Repetto, Robert C. | Woodward, Richard

Studies in Costa Rica and the Philippines analyze the underlying mechanisms that have led to resource degradation: land tenure policies, population growth, and narrow economic policies advanced during the debt crisis. In both countries migration patterns are also involved in the interaction between economic crisis, demographic change, legal institutions, and ecological problems. The linkages are multiple and complex. Both countries have seen a rapidly growing population migrating out of cities to easily degraded forest slopes due to poverty. Land management and tenure policies mitigate the effect of migration on the environment, but policy change is needed very badly in both countries.

    Duinker, Peter N. | Nilsson, Sten | Sallnäs, Ola

This book records the results of a four-year study of the effects of air pollutants, ineffective silviculture practices and other factors such as restrictive legislation and neglect of forests in 24 European countries.

    Cousteau, Jacques | Elder, Danny | Pernetta, John

Oceans identifies conservation issues and proposes actions to conserve the marine environment and its enormous biological diversity. It explains how the oceans work and vividly presents the myriad variety of underwater life forms and habitats.; The core of this book is an atlas mapping every ocean to show resources, human impacts, threatened species, topographical features and important regional issues. The maps, based on reseach undertaken by IUCN, are complemented by features on wildlife and human uses and abuses of regional marine resources.

    Cousteau, Jacques | Elder, Danny | Pernetta, John

Oceans identifies conservation issues and proposes actions to conserve the marine environment and its enormous biological diversity. It explains how the oceans work and vividly presents the myriad variety of underwater life forms and habitats.; The core of this book is an atlas mapping every ocean to show resources, human impacts, threatened species, topographical features and important regional issues. The maps, based on reseach undertaken by IUCN, are complemented by features on wildlife and human uses and abuses of regional marine resources.