Dudley, Nigel

This publication examines the concept of naturalness in ecosystems, discussing its values and considering choices about the level of naturalness in conservation efforts. The author argues that all ecosystems have been modified and the idea of places 'untouched by humans' is a myth. But there are large differences in the degree of modification and levels of naturalness which can be identified.

Like all the Arguments for Protection series, this report is primarily an attempt to assemble evidence about the positive benefits that can be provided by protected areas, in this case focusing on human health. Benefits explored here range from various ways of accessing genetic material to use as local or global medicines, to the use of wild, open and quiet spaces for physical exercise and emotional healing.