IUCN

The African elephant is the largest living land mammal. It once inhabited most of the continent, from the Mediterranean coast down to its south tip. This picture of elephant range today is one of scattered, fragmented populations south of the Sahara Desert. Estimates suggested that elephant populations had more than halved in several areas between 1981-87.

The black and the white rhinoceros have become flagship species for international conservation. They are significant not only for the continuation of a major evolutionary heritage, but also as symbols for the protection of African savannahs. The battle for the survival of these species has been marked by some notable successes and sadly, many failures, and the situation is still critical.

The IUCN system for classifying protected areas distinguishes six management categories (I-VI). This publication aims to further clarify how they can be interpreted within Europe, in order to help protected areas managers and others concerned with protected areas to apply the IUCN system more consistently to ensure reliable categorisation and data gathering.

This book contains a case study of the economic value of the Nakivubo urban wetland in Uganda. The case study demonstrates how wetlands contribute to economic activity, but also how the economic value of wetland goods and services is poorly understood

This workshop was convened in response to the clear need to document existing cases and lessons learned on the use of economic incentives in the region, and to develop a strategy and way forward for their development, use and coordination for biodiversity conservation in eastern Africa

Incorporating environmental concerns into economics involves introducing concepts of sustainability into scarcity. It deals with the issue of how to meet people's current needs in a way which is both equitable and efficient and does not diminish supply or quality of environmental goods and services available to future generations. This book outlines a set of economic tools that can be used for environmental planning

Valuation forms a key exercise in economic analysis and provides important information for wetlands conservation. The basic aim of valuation is to determine people's preferences - how much they are willing to pay for, and how much better or worse off they would consider themselves to be as a result of changes in the supply of different goods and services. This guide demonstrates how valuation tools can be used in practical situations of wetland conservation in eastern Africa