Monitoring

This publication aims to provide stakeholders in the Asia-Pacific region with a practical resource from which to develop an Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) indicator framework at the national level. The document highlights how learning, commitment and ownership among stakeholders can be maximized. It does not include an indicator framework itself.

The latest IUCN Red List shows that a third of all amphibians, one in eight birds and a quarter of all mammals are under threat globally. Environmental action has to be taken collectively at the international level and the EU has taken a strategic approach across Europe, by implementing the Birds and Habitats Directives.

This document consists of Volume 1, a detailed discussion of some of the available resources on natural resource management concerning the monitoring of gender, poverty, and social equality issues that can be considered best resources or best practices, and Volume 2,  an annotated bibliography of the 56 resources these best practices were selected from.

In the late 1980s there were two campaigns to save African elephants. One banned international trade in ivory. The other established common property rights to elephants for local communities. Has either campaign saved the elephants? To answer this question, we constructed and solved two models, a biomass model and an age structured model. We conclude that in countries which successfully establish property rights, local communities will conserve elephants.

Coral reefs are at risk from many threats including global warming causing coral bleaching, over fishing or destructive fishing, pollution by sediments, nutrients and toxic chemicals, coral mining and shoreline development and unregulated tourism. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are an important tool for marine conservation and management. This book provides practical advice on how to design and implement ecological and socio-economic monitoring programmes aimed at addressing these issues.