This guidebook is based on an understanding that social equity refers to fairness and justice with respect to the ways that people are recognised, treated, or impacted by conservation initiatives. It is also grounded on a common framework for assessing equity that includes six dimensions: recognitional, procedural, management, environmental, distributional, and contextual and structural equity.

Species are the building blocks of ecosystems. As predators, prey, pollinators, seed dispersers, and habitat engineers, they shape ecological processes and uphold the delicate balance of nature. Together, they ensure the health, stability and resilience of the natural systems that sustain life on Earth.

These guidelines offer both a call for change and general guidance for users. The following five guidelines, adapted from the ten guiding principles for rewilding (Carver et al., 2021), provide a foundation for understanding and taking action to prevent further losses in nature, promote the recovery of biodiversity, and support the restoration of ecological integrity.

The guidelines call for and delineate standardised approaches, from collecting and storing samples to using and sharing data. Lastly, the guidelines illustrate which international and national regulations have to be considered. This document aims to be a resource that guides the reader through the fundamental decision processes for establishing, managing and implementing biobanks.

Determining whether wild-to-wild translocation is an appropriate action requires sound assessment of an individual orangutan’s characteristics, the circumstances surrounding its detection, and in-depth analysis to identify suitable release habitats. This guidance document follows the precautionary principle in prioritising the in situ protection of wild orangutans and their forest habitats, whether large tracts or small fragments.

Ce recueil sur les savoirs traditionnels en matière de conservation des mangroves s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet Natur’ELLES, mis en oeuvre par l’UICN-PACO et la SOCODEVI, avec l’appui financier du gouvernement canadien.

This guidance introduces a practical tool designed to support the identification and assessment of OECMs in China. It is structured in three parts: Section 1 provides an overview of the global OECM framework, relevant Chinese policy context, and maps potential OECMs across ecological, agricultural, and urban landscapes. Section 2 presents a set of 11 tailored indicators for assessing OECMs in China, adapted from IUCN’s international criteria.

This guidance introduces a practical tool designed to support the identification and assessment of OECMs in China. It is structured in three parts: Section 1 provides an overview of the global OECM framework, relevant Chinese policy context, and maps potential OECMs across ecological, agricultural, and urban landscapes. Section 2 presents a set of 11 tailored indicators for assessing OECMs in China, adapted from IUCN’s international criteria.

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted in 2022, provides a framework for the effective implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) through four goals and 23 targets. Target 3 (known as the ‘30x30 target’) calls on Parties to conserve at least 30% of terrestrial, inland waters, and coastal and marine areas by 2030. These guidelines are designed to promote good practices relating to identifying, reporting, monitoring and strengthening OECMs.

This report covers both terrestrial and marine protected and conserved areas (PCAs). The audience is practitioners and policymakers who seek background information on the role of PCAs in climate change mitigation to:
- develop policies that enhance biodiversity and climate change simultaneously;
- quantify the importance of PCAs as a mechanism to reduce GHG emissions in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) to the Paris Agreement;